This bibliography includes newspaper articles and books about mine accidents that occurred in Alabama. This is a "work-in-progress" and will be expanded as time allows. Most resources listed are available at the Birmingham Public Library.

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS 

Cash, Frank E.  Coal-Mine Fatalities in Alabama, 1932-34.  Washington, D.C.: U.S.
     Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1936.  (Information Circular 6890)  (Includes
   descriptions of accidents and victims by type of accident; no names)     I 28.27: 6890

 Cash, Frank E.  Explosions in Alabama Coal-Mines.  Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of
   the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1941.  (Information Circular 7163) (Includes statistics
   of accidents; no names)    I 28.27: 7163

 Cash, Frank E. and H. B. Humphrey.  Fatal Accidents in Alabama Coal Mines
   During 1930.  Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1931. 
   (Information Circular 6519)  (Includes statistics; no names)     C 22.11: 6519

DeMarchi, Jane. Historical Mining Disasters. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of Labor,
   Mine Safety and Health Administration, 1977?  (Includes a list of coal mine disasters
   in the United States from 1900-1976, 5 or more fatalities)  L 38.2: H 62

 NEWSPAPER ARTICLES  - ACCIDENTS

Pratt Mine No. 1 (22 May 1891)

• “Death Horror!” Birmingham Age-Herald 23 May 1891: 1.

• "The Mine Disaster" Birmingham Age-Herald 24 May 1891: 7.

Blocton Mine No. 1 (5 January 1895)

• “Three Men Killed” Birmingham Age-Herald 8 Jan 1895: 5. (2 killed at Sloss; 1  killed at Blocton No. 1)

Sloss (Ore Mine) (5 January 1895)

• “Three Men Killed” Birmingham Age-Herald 8 Jan 1895: 5. (2 killed at Sloss;  1 killed at Blocton No. 1)

Blossburg No. 1 (28 January 1895)

• “One Miner Killed” Birmingham News 2 Mar 1895: 5.

Mary Lee Mine (4 April 1895)

• “Killed by Coal” Birmingham News 4 Apr 1895: 2

T.C.I. No. 6 (19 April 1895)

• “A Boy Killed” Birmingham News 20 Apr 1895: 5.

• “Pratt City Gossip” Birmingham Age-Herald 21 Apr 1895: 3 (small notice  about the funeral of the boy killed at Mine No. 6)

 T.C.I. No. 4 (24 May 1895)

• “Fearful Dash of Tram Cars…” Birmingham News 24 May 1895: 6.

Belle Ellen Mine (20 September 1897)

• “Slope #2 at Belle Ellen Mines” Birmingham News 20 Sep 1897: 1.

• “Sealed” Birmingham News 21 Sep 1897: p. 6.

Pratt Mine, Slope No. 2 (12 March 1898)

• “Six men Killed in Slope No. 2, Pratt Mines, This Morning” Birmingham News 19 Mar 1898: 6 

New Castle Mine (15 August 1898)

• “Explosion at Newcastle” Birmingham News 16 Aug 1898: 5  (John Jefferson)

• “Fatal Gas Explosion” Age-Herald 17 Aug 1898: 2. (John Jefferson)

• “John Jefferson’s Burial” Birmingham News 17 Aug 1898: 5.

Adger (17 August 1898)

• “Young Man’s Death” Birmingham News 17 Aug 1898: 7 (Doc Baston)

Belle Ellen (21 October 1898)

• “Miner Killed” Birmingham News 22 Oct 1898: 2 (John James)

Patterson No. 2 (17 November 1898)

• “Three Fatalities” Birmingham News 18 Nov 1898: 3 (2 railroad; 1 mining)

TCI Slope No. 5 (15 December 1898)

• “Fall of Coal” Birmingham News 16 Dec 1898: 1 (Dan McCoy)

Blocton No. 2 (21 February 1899)

• “Five Men Met Horrible Death…” Age-Herald 22 Feb 1899: 5.  (R. L. Davenport,  W. W. Davenport, Robert Cureton, Mark Dooley, Joe Carpenter)

• “Five Coal Miners Dead” Birmingham News 21 Feb 1899: 7 (R. L. Davenport, W. W. Davenport, Robert Cureton, Mark Dooley, Joe Carpenter)

• “Report of Chief Mine Inspector: The Explosion at Slope No. 2 at Blocton Investigated” Age-Herald 12 Mar 1899: 2

Ishkooda (24 February 1899)

• “Met Horrible Death” Age-Herald 26 Feb 1899: 5. (Jeff Gary)

Pratt Mine No. 1 (1 June 1899)

• “One Man Killed in Mine Explosion” Age-Herald 3 June 1899: 5. (John Parker)

Blossburg (West Pratt) (22 June 1899)

• “His Skull Crushed…” Birmingham News 23 June 1899: 2. (George Robinson)

• “Crushed His Skull” Age-Herald 24 June 1899: 5. (George Robinson)

Mabel (12 September 1899)

• “Negro Miner Killed” Birmingham News 13 Sep 1899: 3. (Tom Evans)

Pratt Mines Shaft No. 1 (28 September 1899)

• “Convict Fell 150 Feet” Birmingham News  28 Sep 1899: p. 7 (Henry Reed)

• “Two Convicts  Met a Horrible Death" Age Herald 30 Sep 1899: 5. (George McCoy and Sam Walker)

Adger Mine (6 October 1899)

• "A Fatal Affray: Colord [sic] Miner Killed" Birmingham News 7 Oct 1899: 2.  (Frank Derricot)

New Found Mine (18 December 1899)

• "Negro Miner Killed" Birmingham News 20 Dec 1899: 5. (Henry Westbrook)

Nebo (19 February 1900)

• "Joe Houser Killed" Birmingham News 20 Feb 1900: 8.

Bruce (24 May 1900)

• "Fall of Slate" Birmingham News 24 May 1900: 16. (J. O. Stewart)

Adger (26 May 1900)

• "Accident in the Mines" Birmingham News 26 May 1900: 8. (Charles Evans)

Lockhart (29 June 1900)

• "Killed in the Mines" Age Herald 1 July 1900: 5. (Charles Boschong)

Pratt No. 6 (August 1900)

• "They Met Death by Fall of Rock in the Mines" Birmingham News 14 Aug  1900: 8. (James Sharp and James Pickett)

• "Two Negroes Killed" Age-Herald 15 Aug 1900: 3. (James Sharp and James Pickett)

Underwood (21 September 1900)

• "Negro Miner Meets a Horrible Death" Age-Herald 28 Sep 1900: 3.

Adger (January 1901)

• "Death in Mines" Birmingham News 18 Jan 1901: 7. (Jim Smith)

Belle Sumpter (29 April 1901)

• "Colored Miner Killed" Birmingham News 30 April 1902: 8. (Jim Vaughan)

Sayreton Mine (30 July 1902)

• “Two Miners Meet a Sudden Death” Birmingham Age-Herald 31 July 1902: 5.

• “Two Met Death” Birmingham News 31 July 1902: 2.

Belle Ellen Mine (6 September 1902)

• “Two Were Killed” Birmingham News  6 Sep 1902: 18.

Virginia Mines (20 February 1905)

• “More Than 100 Men Entombed in Mines Frightful Catastrophe at Virginia City” Birmingham Age-Herald 21 Feb 1905:  1. (includes list)

• “Cray explains Catastrophe” Birmingham Age-Herald 21 Feb 1905: 1.

• “Killed by Explosion” Birmingham Age-Herald 21 Feb 1905: 7. (includes list)

• “Every Home in Virginia City House of Sorrow: With Pick and Shovel Men Race with Death” Birmingham Age-Herald 21 Feb 1905: 7.

• “Over Hundred Lives Probably Lost at Virginia Mines” Birmingham News 21 Feb 1905: 1.

• “Little or No Hope Hold Out for Entombed Men but the Rescue Work Goes on Day and Night” Birmingham News 21 Feb 1905: 1.

• "Official List of Entombed Men: One Hundred and Seven in All” Birmingham News 21 Feb 190: 1.

• “Five Blackened Corpses Taken Out Up to 2 O’clock p.m. Today” Birmingham News, 21 Feb 1905: 1.

• “The Commercial Club called to Act in Virginia Disaster” Birmingham News 21 Feb 1905: 1.

• “Force of Explosion was Something Fearful” Birmingham News 21 Feb 1905: 7.

• “100 Miners Entombed; All Perhaps Killed: Explosion of Dust Causes Disaster in Alabama Pit” New York Times 21 Feb 1905: 1.

• “Headline Articles and Death List” Birmingham Age-Herald 22 Feb 1905: 1.

• “Help for the Distressed: Fire Damp in the Virginia Mines” Birmingham Age-Herald, 22 Feb 1905: 1, 4.

• “Col. S. W. Johnson Talks of the Awful Tragedy” Birmingham Age-Herald 22 Feb 1905: 5.

• “Hundreds of Rescuers have Hastened to the Scene” Birmingham Age-Herald 22 Feb 1905: 1, 7.

• “Grief Stricken Relatives Weary with Long Vigils” Birmingham Age- Herald 22 Feb 1905: 1, 7.

• “Bringing in the Dead from the Virginia Mine Horror the Occupation of Today” Birmingham Ledger 22 Feb 1905:  1.

• “Only Sons are Among the Dead: Terrible Loss of Mr. and Mrs. P. J. Powell” Birmingham Ledger 22 Feb 1905: 1.

• Jones, C. P., Jr. “Sights at Virginia City That Tried Men’s Souls” Birmingham Ledger 22 Feb 1905: 1.

• “Underground Death Chamber at Virginia City has Given Up Eighty-one Blackened Bodies” Birmingham News 22 Feb 1905: 1, 12.

• “Names of Forty-eight Dead Taken From the Mines” Birmingham News 22 Feb 1905: 1.

• “Will Give Aid to Sufferers” Birmingham News 22 Feb 1905: 7.

• “Citizens Inaugurate a Relief Movement” Birmingham News 22 Feb 1905: 10.

• “To Render Aid to Sufferers” Birmingham News 22 Feb 1905: 10.

• “Railroad Helping in Mine Honor” Birmingham News 22 Feb 1905:  10.

• “The Relatives are Gathering” Birmingham News 22 Feb 1905: 10.

• “The Worst Yet in Alabama Mines” Birmingham News 22 Feb 1905: 10.

• “It is Appalling says Jerry Fountain” Birmingham News 22 Feb 1905: 10.

• "Fifty Bodies Taken from Wrecked Mine: Hope for the Remaining Sixty-Six is Now Abandoned; 300 Children Destitute" New York Times 22 Feb 1905.

• “Mule Disappears After Explosion” Birmingham Age-Herald 23 Feb 1905: 7.

• “76 Bodies Recovered From Ruins …” Birmingham Age-Herald 23 Feb 1905: 1. (includes partial list)

• “Eighty Funerals in Pratt Today” Birmingham Age-Herald 23 Feb 1905: 2.

• “Help for Widows and Orphans” Birmingham Age-Herald 23 Feb 1905: 4.

• “More than $10,000 Raised in 24 Hours for the Miner’s Families” Birmingham Age-Herald  23 Feb 1905: 5. (includes list of contributors)

• “Many Flock to Scene” Birmingham Age-Herald 23 Feb 1905: 7.

• “Physicians Called Upon to Apply Restoratives” Birmingham Age-Herald 23 Feb 1905: 1, 4, 7.

• “Ensley Raises Funds for Families” Birmingham Age-Herald 23 Feb 1905: 7.

• “Ninety Bodies Taken out of Virginia Mines: Water now Threatens to Retard Rescue Work,” Birmingham News, 23 Feb 1905: 1, 9.

• “Bad Air and Odor Impede Rescue Work” Birmingham News 23 Feb 1905: 1.

• “92 Victims Recovered …” Birmingham Age-Herald 24 Feb 1905: 1, 4.

• “Many Funerals are held in Pratt City” Birmingham Age-Herald 24 Feb 1905: 2.

• “Bodies Claimed Excepting Three” Birmingham Age-Herald 24 Feb 1905: 2. (includes list)

• “Virginia City Horror” Birmingham Age-Herald 24 Feb 1905: 4.

• “Relief Fund is Now Near $14,000 Mark” Birmingham Age-Herald 24 Feb 1905: 5.

• “Relief Committee Goes to Scene of Explosion” Birmingham Age-Herald 24 Feb 1905: 5.

• “L. B. Musgrove Plans to Raise $40,000 for Fund” Birmingham Age-Herald 24 Feb 1905: 5.

• “One Miner was Found on Knees in Prayer” Birmingham Age-Herald 24 Feb 1905: 5.

• “Musical Benefit Sunday Afternoon” Birmingham Age-Herald 24 Feb  1905: 5.

• “The List of Recovered Bodies now Number One Hundred” Birmingham News 24 Feb 1905: 1, 2. 

• “Still Finding Bodies: Relief Committee on Hand” Birmingham News 24 Feb 1905: 1.

• “Blocton Council Makes Subscription to Relief Fund” Birmingham News 24 Feb 1905: 2.

• “Let Everybody Help” Birmingham News 24 Feb 1905: 4.

• “Bessemer’s Prompt Action” Birmingham News 24 Feb 1905: 4.

• “Hoch and His Methods” Birmingham News 24 Feb 1905: 4.

• “The Committee Visits Scene” Birmingham News 24 Feb 1905: 7.

• “Bessemer Does its Part Nobly” Birmingham News 24 Feb 1905: 8.

• “Tolling of Bells Still Being Heard” Birmingham News 24 Feb 1905: 10.

• “The News’ Fund Now Over $1,500” Birmingham News 24 Feb 1905: 10.

• “The Relief Fund Continues to Grow” Birmingham News 24 Feb 1905: 10.

• “Sights and Scenes at Virginia Mines” Birmingham News 24 Feb 1905: 12.

• “Practical Plan for Relief Fund” Birmingham News 24 Feb 1905: 14.

• “One Hundred Bodies is the Latest Figure” Birmingham Age-Herald 25  Feb 1905: 1.

• “Church Bells Toll for Stricken Dead” Birmingham Age-Herald 25 Feb 1905: 8.

• “No More Bodies Removed from Virginia Mines” Birmingham News 25 Feb 1905: 1. 

• “Cheerfully in Ensley Giving,” Birmingham News 25 Feb 1905: 8. 

• “Relief Fund Exceed $22,000” Birmingham News 25 Feb 1905: 10.

• “The News’ Fund Still Grows” Birmingham News 25 Feb 1905: 10.

• “Colored Lodges will Donate” Birmingham News 25 Feb 1905: 10.

• “Eight Coffins are Ordered” Birmingham News 25 Feb 1905: 19.

• “Bessemer Fund is Still Growing” Birmingham News 25 Feb 1905: 19.

• “News of Pratt City” Birmingham News 25 Feb 1905: 19.

• “One More Body Added to List” Birmingham Age-Herald 26 Feb 1905: 1.

• “Subscription Now Over $23,000” Birmingham Age-Herald 26 Feb 1905: 2.

• “Pratt City to the Relief With $500” Birmingham Age-Herald 26 Feb 1905: 9.

• “Digging Coal is Most Dangerous of Mining” Birmingham Age-Herald 26 Feb 1905: 22.

• “Two More Bodies are Brought Out” Birmingham Age-Herald 27 Feb 1905: 6.

• “Two More Bodies Taken From Mine Birmingham News 27 Feb 1905: 1.

• “The Grand Jury Submits Report” Birmingham News 27 Feb 1905: 2.

• “Committees are Investigating” Birmingham News 27 Feb 1905: 6.

• “Wylam Citizens Meet Tonight” Birmingham News 27 Feb 1905: 7.

• “Very Pleasing was Concert” Birmingham News 27 Feb 1905: 7.

• “Donations Still Being Received” Birmingham News 27 Feb 1905: 8.

• “The Relief Fund Close to $25,000” Birmingham News, 27 Feb 1905: 10.

• “The News’ Fund Reaches $2,200” Birmingham News 27 Feb 1905: 10.

• “Five Bodies Since Saturday,” Birmingham News, 27 February 1905, p. 11.

• “Slow Progress in Work of Recovery” Birmingham Age-Herald 28 Feb 1905: 2. 

• “Miners are Urged to Endorse Plan” Birmingham Age-Herald 28 Feb 1905: 5.\

• “No More Bodies Taken From Mine” Birmingham News 28 Feb 1905: 1.

• “Employment and Homes for Virginia Mine Sufferers” Birmingham News 28 Feb 1905:  1.

• “Deep Sympathy is Expressed” Birmingham News 28 Feb 1905: 7.

• “Relief Fund is Over $25,000” Birmingham News 28 Feb 1905: 10.

• “Committee Busy Aiding the Needy” Birmingham Age-Herald 1 Mar 1905: 2.

• “Relief Fund is Now Over $500” Birmingham Age-Herald 1 Mar 1905: 2.

• “Revived Drooping Spirits” Birmingham Age-Herald 1 Mar 1905: 4.

• “Heroes at the Mine” Birmingham Age-Herald 1 Mar 1905: 4.

• “No More Bodies are Recovered” Birmingham News 1 March 1905: 10.

• “Inquest has been Postponed” Birmingham Age-Herald 2 Mar 1905: 2.

• “Report is Made by Committee” Birmingham Age-Herald 2 Mar 1905: 5.

• “New Pump Now at Work in Mine” Birmingham News 2 March 1905: 10.

• “News’ Relief Amounts to $2,650” Birmingham News 2 March 1905: 10.

• “Warrants for Mine Owners: Criminal Negligence Said to Have Caused Disaster in Alabama” New York Times 10 Apr 1905: 5.

• Ausbun, Danny. “Virginia Mines Explosion in 1905 Rates Among the Worst” Birmingham News 18 Jan 1973: 9. (Includes list of fatalities)

• “Jones, John L. “Bessemer Woman Recounts Disastrous Virginia Mines Explosion of 1905” Birmingham News 19 Feb 1973: p. 3.

Little Cahaba Mine (February 27, 1906)

• “Six are Killed in Gas Explosion at Piper” Birmingham Age-Herald 28 Feb 1906: 1.

• "Eight Miners Dead from Piper Explosion” Birmingham News 28 Feb 1906: 1.

• “Mine Disaster to be Investigated” Birmingham Age-Herald 1 March 1906: 5.

• “Investigation of Piper Accident” Birmingham News 1 March 1906: 1

• “Miners’ Union Donates to Sufferers” Birmingham News 14 March 1906: 14.

Yolande Mine (December 16, 1907)

• “Seventy-five men Entombed in Yolande Mine Explosion” Birmingham News 16 Dec 1907: 1.

• "Fearful Shock Occurs Sending Sheet of Flame from Mouth of the Mine” Birmingham News, 16 Dec 1907: 1.

• “Three Score Miners Meet Awful Death by Big Explosion in Yolande Slope” Birmingham Age-Herald: 17 Dec 1907: 1.

• “Mine Regarded as Model by well Informed Men” Birmingham Age-Herald 17 Dec 1907: 1, 2. 

• “Work of Recovering Dead Continues at Yolande” Birmingham News 17 Dec 1907: 1.

• “Rescue Work at Yolande Still On” Birmingham News 17 Dec 1907: 10.

• “Forty-three Dead Men Taken Out at Yolande” Birmingham Age-Herald 18 Dec 1907: 1, 8.

• “Rescue Work at Yolande is Almost Complete” Birmingham News 18 Dec 1907: 1.

• “Miners’ Families will be Helped” Birmingham News 18 Dec 1907: 14.

• “Death Harvest Grows Larger Among Miners” Birmingham Age-Herald 19 Dec 1907: 1.

• “Three More in Bottom of Mine” Birmingham News 19 Dec 1907: 7.

• “To Help Yolande Sufferers” Birmingham News 19 Dec 1907: 10.

• “Praise for the Men Who Toiled In Rescue Work” Birmingham Age-Herald 20 Dec 1907: 2.

• “All Bodies Now Out of Mine” Birmingham Age-Herald 20 Dec 1907:  6.

• “Citizens of Dora Express Sympathy” Birmingham News 20 Dec 1907: 7.

• “Mayor in Charge of Yolande Relief Fund” Birmingham News 21 Dec 1907: 7.

• “Mine Inspectors Back from Yolande” Birmingham News 21 Dec 1907: 9.

• “Commercial Club Aids Yolande Fund” Birmingham News 21 Dec 1907: 17.

• “Sub-committee on Yolande Mine Relief holds Meeting” Birmingham News 23 Dec 1907: 10.

• “The Yolande Relief Fund” Birmingham News 24 Dec 1907: 5.

• “Big Donation by the Union Miners” Birmingham News 24 Dec 1907: 7.

• Ludlam, Dianne. "Yolande Coal Mine Disaster is Recalled" Tuscaloosa News 1 March 1978: 53

Pratt Mine No. 3 (November 17, 1908)

• “Convicts Perish in Flames Started by Their Own Hands” Birmingham News 17 Nov 1908: 1.

• “Fire in Mine Under Control” Birmingham News 17 Nov 1908: 9.

• “Eight Convicts Perish in Fire Kindled in Bold Effort to Escape” Birmingham Age-Herald 18 Nov 1908: 5.

• “Convict Mine Resumes Work” Birmingham News 18 Nov 1908: 9.

Short Creek Mine (February 2, 1909)

• “Sixteen Reported Dead in Short Creek Mine” Birmingham News 2 Feb  1909: 1.

• “Seventeen Killed by Explosion in Short Creek Mines” Birmingham Age-Herald 3 Feb 1909: 1.

• “Seventeen Killed in Short Creek Explosion” Birmingham News 3 Feb 1909:  2.

• “Disaster Keeps Undertakers Busy” Birmingham Age-Herald 4 Feb 1909: 2.

• “Coroner investigates Short Creek Disaster” Birmingham Age-Herald 4 Feb 1909: 5.

• “Day of Sadness at Short Creek” Birmingham Age-Herald 4 Feb 1909: 5.

• “Thirteen Men Buried Near Mine” Birmingham News 4 Feb 1909: 10.

• “Short Creek Mines Resumes Operation” Birmingham News 4 Feb 1909: 13.

Mulga Mine (April 20, 1910)

• “Forty Men Entombed in the Mines at Mulga” Birmingham Age-Herald 21 Apr 1910: 1. 

• “Forty-three Dead: Not a Man is Left to Tell Awful Story” Birmingham News 21 Apr 1910: 1, 2.

• “Hero of the Tragedy Brother of a Victim,” Birmingham News, 21 April 1910: 1.

• “Mulga Mine the Best in the Entire World” Birmingham News 21 Apr 1910: 2.

• “The U. S. Relief Corps being Rushed to Mulga” Birmingham News 21 Apr 1910: 2.

• “The Mulga Disaster” Birmingham News 21 Apr 1910: 4.

• “Measures of Relief” Birmingham News 21 Apr 1910: 4.

• “Heroic Rescuers Slowly Bringing Bodies of Companions to Surface”        Birmingham Age-Herald 22 Apr 1910: 1.

• “First Men to Enter Mine Spirit of the Genuine Hero” Birmingham Age-Herald 22 Apr 1910: 1.

• “A Sad Little Home is Nestled Among Hills” Birmingham Age-Herald 22 Apr 1910: 1.

• “Special Deputies Sent to Mines” Birmingham Age-Herald 22 Apr 1910: 5.

• “Twenty-six Bodies are Brought from Mines at Mulga” Birmingham News 22 Apr 1910: 1.

• “Ministers Organize Mulga Relief Organization” Birmingham News 22 Apr 1910: 1.

• “Two Sons Died in Flood; Last Killed in Explosion” Birmingham News 22 Apr 1910: 1.

• “Bodies are Identified, Marked and Sent Away” Birmingham News 22 Apr 1910: 2.

• “Cause of Explosion Remains Big Mystery” Birmingham News 22 Apr 1910: 3.

• “Brave Men Risk Lives to Assist Companions” Birmingham News 22 Apr 1910: 6.

• “All Mining Companies Proffered Assistance” Birmingham News 22 Apr 1910: 7.

• “Hillhouse states He Doesn’t Know Cause of Tragedy” Birmingham News 22 Apr 1910: 8.

• “First Aid to the Injured Society Rushed to Scene” Birmingham News 22 Apr 1910: 8.

• “Bodies are Rescued by a Change of Air” Birmingham News 22 Apr 1910: 16.

• “Nothing Like it, says Henry Broda” Birmingham News 22 Apr 1910: 20.

• “Sorrowful Scenes a Stricken Mine” Birmingham Age-Herald 23 Apr 1910: 2.

• “Will Meet to Plan Aid for Mulga Mine Victims” Birmingham Age-Herald 23 Apr 1910: 5.

• “Heroic Rescuers Finish Work at Mulga Mine” Birmingham Age-Herald 23 Apr 1910: 5.

• “Dead Number 37 From Mulga Mine” Birmingham News 23 Apr 1910: 1.

• “Father Coyle Chairman of Mulga Relief Committee” Birmingham News 23 Apr 1910: 1

• “Sunday to be Day of Funerals in Stricken Mulga” Birmingham News 23  Apr 1910: 3.

• “Headless, Charred Body is Identified by Relatives” Birmingham News 23 Apr 1910: 13.

• “Mulga and Mulgarians” Birmingham News 23 Apr 1910: 19.

• “Committee Formed for Systematic Relief Work” Birmingham Age-Herald 24 Apr 1910: 5.

• “Three More Bodies are Found in Mine” Birmingham Age-Herald 25 Apr 1910: 5.

• “Three More Taken from Mulga; List is now Complete” Birmingham News 25 Apr 1910:  9.

• “Emanuel Gives to Mulga Relief Fund” Birmingham News 25 Apr 1910: 9.

• “Relief Committee Pays Visit to Mulga District” Birmingham News 26 Apr 1910: 1.

• “Explosion Cause not Agreed Upon” Birmingham News 26 Apr 1910: 7.

• “Inspector Visits Mulga Mine Again” Birmingham News 26 Apr 1910: 13.

• “Mulga Sufferers are Given Funds” Birmingham News 27 Apr 1910: 2.

• “Final Inspection of Mine is Being Made” Birmingham News 27 Apr 1910: 10.

• “Thank God, He is Safe, said Father” Birmingham News 27 Apr 1910: 10.

• “Coal Operators give a Thousand for Mulga Relief” Birmingham News 28 Apr 1910: 2.

• “Mine Inspector at Mulga Mine” Birmingham News 29 Apr 1910: p. 14.

• “More Money for the Relief Fund” Birmingham News 30 Apr 1910: 12.

• “Red Cross Gives to Mulga Fund” Birmingham News 30 Apr 1910: 28.

• “Dynamite Didn’t Cause Explosion” Birmingham News 30 Apr 1910: 28. 

Pratt Mine (April 22, 1910)

• “Convicts Killed in Pratt Mines” Birmingham News 23 April 1910: 1.

Palos Mine (May 5, 1910)

• “185 Lives Snuffed Out in Explosion at Palos Mines: Black Damp Adds Terror to Disaster; Relief Halted” Birmingham News  5 May 1910: 1,2. 

• “Reports Indicate that No One Will Escape with Life” Birmingham News 5 May 1910: 1.

• “Greatest Mine Explosion in History of State Costs Many Men Their Lives” Birmingham Age-Herald 6 May 1910: 1.

• “Ramsay Discusses Cause of Explosion in Mines” Birmingham Age-Herald 6 May 1910: 1.

• “Federal Authorities are Stirred by New Horror” Birmingham Age-Herald 6 May 1910: 1.

• “White Men in Mine Thought to be Dead” Birmingham Age-Herald 6 May 1910: 1.  (Includes list of names of those thought to be dead; includes   race)

• “Mine Explosion in Summer Months Rare” Birmingham Age-Herald 6 May 1910: 1.

• “Knocked into the River and Killed by Shock” Birmingham Age-Herald 6 May 1910: 1.

• “Superintendent Drennen Describes Explosion” Birmingham Age-Herald 6 May 1910: 1.

• “Red Cross Workers are at Scene of Disaster” Birmingham Age-Herald 6 May 1910: 1. 

• “Mine Tragedy Worst in Alabama History; Known Dead in Palos are 35 White, 75 Negroes” Birmingham News  6 May 1910: 1.

• “Names of Victims Claimed in Tragedy at Palos Mines” Birmingham News 6 May 1910: 1. 

• “Red Cross in Charge of the Palos Relief Work” Birmingham News 6 May 1910: 2.

• “Nine Bodies Removed from Ill-Fated Mine” Birmingham News 6 May 1910: 2.

• “Willows Wires Relief is Needed” Birmingham News 6 May 1910: 2. 

• “From Mulga to Palos They Went for Safety” Birmingham News 6 May 1910: 2.

• “Cause of Explosion Remains Big Mystery” Birmingham News 6 May 1910: 2.

• “Crowds of People Pour into Palos” Birmingham News 6 May 1910: 7.

• “Bravery of Rescuers Seeking Victims of Explosion Makes Heroes of Many” Birmingham News 6 May 1910: 7.

• “Birmingham Men Run Palos Mines” Birmingham News 6 May 1910: 12.

• “Palos Mines Just After Disaster” Birmingham News 6 May 1910: 16. (photo)

• “Heroic Rescuers Struggle Bravely to Bring Palos Victims to Surface” Birmingham Age-Herald 7 May 1910: 1. (includes list of dead and list of Red Cross funds)

• “Felix Drennen Probably Saddest Man in the Camp” Birmingham Age-Herald 7 May 1910: 1.

• “Some Freakish Features of Terrific Explosion” Birmingham Age-Herald 7 May 1910: 1.

• “Bereaved Women Prepare Food for Rescue Parties” Birmingham Age-Herald 7 May 1910: 1.

• “Billy Hillhouse one of the Real Heroes at Mine” Birmingham Age-Herald 7 May 1910: 6.

• “How it Feels to be with Rescue Parties in the Mine” Birmingham Age-Herald 7 May 1910: 6.

• “Rescuer Tells How it Feels to be Overcome” Birmingham Age-Herald  7 May, 1910: 6. 

• “Pittsburg Rescuers are Hurrying South to Palos” Birmingham Age-Herald  7 May 1910: 6.

• “Fire at Palos Extinguished: Damage Light” Birmingham News 7 May 1910: 1.

• “Shaft Improved Before Explosion” Birmingham News 7 May 1910: 2.

• “Miners Remain at Ill-Fated Palos” Birmingham News 7 May 1910: 2.

• “She Sat at Night Waiting for Dead” Birmingham News 7 May 1910: 3.

• “Grief of Negroes Touches Crowd” Birmingham News 7 May 1910: 3.

• “Palos Families Given Every Relief Possible” Birmingham News 7 May 1910: 8.

• “Red Cross and Clergy Work Hard for Relief” Birmingham News 7 May 1910: 12.

• “Dozen Boys are Victims of Explosion in Mines” Birmingham News 7 May 1910: 12.

• “Bureau of Mines will be Outcome” Birmingham News 7 May 1910: 15.

• “Palos Mines are Reported on Fire” Birmingham News 7 May 1910: 15.

• “Impossible to Obtain Complete List of Dead” Birmingham Age-Herald 8 May 1910: 1.

• “Haggard and Weary the Men Toil on in the Work of Rescue” Birmingham Age-Herald 8 May 1910: 1.

• “List of Red Cross Funds” Birmingham Age-Herald 8 May 1910: 1.

• “Mass Meeting Called Tomorrow to Plan Aid for Mine Sufferers” Birmingham Age-Herald 8 May 1910: 5.

• “Hillhouse Expects All Bodies to be Out of Mine by Noon Today” Birmingham Age-Herald 9 May 1910: 1.

• “Rescuers Arrive at End of Duties in Mine at Palos” Birmingham News 9 May 1910: 1, 10.

• “Scenes of Sadness at Palos” Birmingham News 9 May 1910: 2.  (photos)

• “They Know not Where to Go: They Don’t Know What to Do” Birmingham News 9 May 1910: 2. (continued from page 1)

• “Not One Person Hurt in Palos Rescue Work” Birmingham News 9 May 1910: 3.

• “Official List Shows Eighty Miners Dead” Birmingham News 9 May 1910: 6.

• “Property Damage Small at Palos” Birmingham News 9 May 1910: 6.

• “Leg of Palos Merchant was Broken Sunday” Birmingham News 9 May 1910:  9.

• “Property Damage Small at Palos: Few Thousand Dollars Will Restore Mine to Former Condition” Birmingham News  9 May 1910: 6.

• “Official List Shows Eighty Miners Dead: Authoritative Count of Bodies Recovered from Mines is Compiled and Shows 29 Whites and 45    Negroes; 6 Not Yet Brought Out” Birmingham News 9 May 1910: 6.

• “Rescue Work is About Over with 74 Bodies Out” Birmingham Age-Herald 10 May 1910: 1.

• “Proclamation by the Governor for Mine Sufferers” Birmingham News 10 May 1910: 1,10.

• “No More Bodies Taken from Mine” Birmingham News 10 May 1910: 7.

• “State Mine Inspector has Returned to Palos” Birmingham News 10 May 1910: 13.

Yolande Mine (November 4, 1910)

• “Five Men Killed at Yolande in Mine Explosion” Birmingham News 4 Nov 1910:  1, 13. 

• “Five Killed by Local Explosion in Yolande Mine” Birmingham Age-Herald 5 Nov 1910: 5.

• “Two Bodies Still in Yolande Mine” Birmingham News 5 Nov 1910: 7.

• “Bodies Recovered at Yolande Mine” Birmingham Age-Herald 6 Nov 1910: 8. 

Banner Mine (April 8, 1911)

• “165 Entombed by Explosion at Banner Mines; 50 are Recovered, Five of Them Dead, Leaving 115 Buried and Believed Dead” Birmingham News 8 Apr 1911: 1. (headline)

• “73 Dead Bodies are Brought from Mines” Birmingham News 8 Apr 1911: 1, 14.

• “New Shaft No. 2 Deep in Earth is Disaster Scene” Birmingham News 8 Apr 1911: 1, 14.

• “Banner Mines are Ranked with the Best in Alabama” Birmingham News 8 Apr 1911: 2.

• “More Than Hundred Convicts Killed in Disaster at Banner: Fatal After Damp Caused by Explosion Yesterday Morning Suffocates Scores and Frustrated the Rescuers in Work” Birmingham Age-Herald 9 Apr 1911: 1,2.

• “O’Neal Indignant Over Disaster: ‘Life More Precious Than Stockholders’          Dividends’: Must Have Mine Law” Birmingham Age-Herald 9 Apr 1911: 2.

• “Gruesome Stream of Bodies Now Pours Steadily From the Mouth of Banner Mine: Total Dead will Reach 128, Making it the Most Disastrous Explosion Which Ever Occurred in Alabama…” Birmingham Age-Herald 10 Apr 1911: 1, 7.  (Includes list of names)

• “Regular Trips Made Into Mine: Dead Mules have Interfered with the Work of  Getting at Bodies” Birmingham Age-Herald 10 April 1911: 1. (Includes some names)

• “Powder Explosion Probable Cause: Gas Theory not Plausible Says McCormack” Birmingham Age-Herald 10 April 1911: 5.

• “Ramsay Details Care Taken at Banner Mine” Birmingham Age-Herald 10 Apr 1911: 7.

• “128 are Dead at Banner; 45 Bodies are Recovered” Birmingham News 10 Apr 1911: 1.

• “Fatality Record Broken" Birmingham News 10 Apr 1911: 1.

• “48 Bodies Rescued from Mine so Far” Birmingham News 10 Apr 1911: 2.

• “Banner Mine Explosion Broke Fatality Record” Birmingham News 10 Apr 1911: 2.

• “Powder Explosion, states McCormack” Birmingham News 10 Apr 1911: 3.

• “Carload of Coffins Shipped to Banner” Birmingham News 10 Apr 1911: 9.

• “128 is Total Fatalities at Banner; Breaks Disaster Record in State” Birmingham News 10 Apr 1911: 14.

• “O’Neal Seeks Information” Birmingham News 10 Apr 1911: 14.

• “Several Convicts Prove Heroes” Birmingham News 10 Apr 1911: 14.

• “Sympathy Evident, but Not Tears” Birmingham News 10 Apr 1911: 14.

• “Massengale Saves Sixteen Lives” Birmingham News 10 Apr 1911: 14.

• “Martyr’s Death for Spradling” Birmingham News 10 Apr 1911: 14.

• “Careful Inquiry Will be Made” Birmingham News 10 Apr 1911: 14.

• “Banner Dreary Place Monday” Birmingham News 10 Apr 1911: 14.

• “Miner Tells of Explosion” Birmingham News 10 Apr 1911: 14.

• “Railroad Men Offer Aid” Birmingham News 10 Apr 1911: 14.

• “Rescue Work is Delayed by the Change in Fans: Fifty-Four Dead Above Ground at Midnight – More Expected Soon” Birmingham Age-Herald 11 Apr 1911: 7.

• “Chief of the Mine Bureau Arrives: Dr. L. A. Holmes will Visit Banner” Birmingham Age-Herald 11 Apr 1911: 5.

• “Tells Why Rescue Car Didn’t Come: McCormack Says the Officials Were Only Acting Under Advice of Hillhouse” Birmingham Age-Herald 11 Apr 1911: 5.

• “113 Bodies Taken From Mine; 15 are not Yet Recovered from their Tombs” Birmingham News 11 Apr 1911: 1, 27.

• “Negro Woman Wept Over Wrong Victim” Birmingham News 11 Apr 1911: 2.

• “Bodies of Unfortunate are being Shipped Away” Birmingham News 11 Apr 1911: 12.

•  “Negroes are discovered Searching Miners’ Clothes” Birmingham News 11 Apr 1911: 25.

• “New Mining Bill Will be Passed at This Session” Birmingham News 11 Apr 1911: 26.

• “Dr. Homes Talks of Banner Horror: One Man’s Carelessness has Cost 129 Lives” Birmingham Age-Herald 12 Apr 1911: 8.

• “Rescue Work is Nearing an End: Only Ten Bodies Remain in Mines – Many  Visitors are Leaving” Birmingham Age-Herald 12 April 1911: 11.

• “Explosion of Gas Caused Disaster in Banner Mines” Birmingham News 12 Apr 1911: 1.

• “Active at Banner: Deputy Dave Kennybrook” - Birmingham Age-Herald 13 Apr 1911: 11.

• “Investigation by Coroner Saturday: Says the Rumor that Banner Proceedings will be Secret is Erroneous” Birmingham Age-Herald 13 Apr 1911: 10.

• “Four More Bodies Taken From Mine; 128 Total Correct,” Birmingham News 13 Apr 1911: 1.

• “Banner Mine Jury Named by Coroner” Birmingham News 13 Apr 1911: 1.

• “United Mine Workers Pass Resolution on Disaster” Birmingham News 13 Apr 1911: 3.

• “Experts for the Coroner’ Jury: Experienced Mining Men to Investigate the Banner Disaster Tomorrow” Birmingham Age-Herald 14 Apr 1911: 5.

• “Coroner and Jury will Inspect Mine” Birmingham News 14 Apr 1911: 17.

• “Work will Soon Start at Banner: Conditions will Return to Normal after the Investigation” Birmingham Age-Herald 15 Apr 1911: 5.

• “They Worked at Banner Mines” Birmingham News 15 Apr 1911:  1.  (photo)
  “Coroner’s Jury Says the Company is not to Blame: Reaches a Verdict after Investigation into Death of One of the Victims of the Banner Mine Explosion” Birmingham Age-Herald 16 Apr 1911: 2. (Ernest Knight) 

• “Jury says Banner Mine Was in Good Condition” Birmingham News 17 Apr 1911: 2.

Abernant Mine (August 13, 1912)

• “Many Killed in Abernant Mine” Birmingham News 13 Aug 1912: 1.

• “Explosion Which Claimed 18 Victims was Caused by Gas” Birmingham News 14 Aug 1912: 1, 2.

• “Entombed Miner is Brought Out Alive After Many Hours” Birmingham News 15 Aug 1912: 1.

• “White Miner’s Heroism is Praised by a Negro” Birmingham News 15  Aug 1912: 5.

• “Nesbitt’s Report on Abernant to be Finished Today” Birmingham Age-Herald 22 Aug 1912: 5.

• “Nesbitt Ends Inspection” Birmingham News 22 Aug 1912: 7.

Palos Mine (August 22, 1912)

• “Electrician Killed While looking into Death of Another” Birmingham
       News 23 Aug 1912: 14.

Abernant Mine (September 8, 1912)

• “Nesbitt Will go to Capital to Confer” Birmingham News 9 Sept 1912: 5.

Pratt Mine No. 5 (October 5, 1912)

• “Killed In Mine” Birmingham Age-Herald 6 Oct 1912: 22.

Abernant Mine (October 11, 1912)

“Explosion in Mine Caused by Neglect” Birmingham News 12 Oct 1912: 4.

Dolomite Mine (October 21, 1912)

“Miner Dies From Injuries” Birmingham News 22 Oct 1912: 13.

Indio Mine (March 24, 1913)

“One Killed and Twelve Hurt in Indio Explosion” Birmingham News 
     24 Mar 1913: 1.

“Nesbitt Probing Indio Explosion” Birmingham News 25 Mar 1913: 5.

Acton Mine (November 18, 1913)

“Nearly Score Lose Lives in Big Acton Mine Explosion” Birmingham Age-
     Herald 19 Nov 1913: 1, 11.

“Death Toll from Disaster at No. 2 Acton Mine Set at 24” Birmingham Age-
     Herald 20 Nov 1913: 9.

“Twenty-four are Dead as Result of Terrific Explosion at Acton Mines”
     Birmingham News 19 Nov 1913: 1, 11.

“Burns Kittrell to be Buried in Birmingham” Birmingham News 19 Nov
     1913:  11.

“Thirty Coffins are Shipped to Birmingham” Birmingham News 19 Nov
     1913: 11.

"Acton Mine Disaster Took 24 Lives" New York Times 20 Nov 1913: 6.

“Ray Investigates Explosion Cause for Mine Bureau” Birmingham News
     20 Nov 1913: 1.

“No. 2 Acton Will be Ready Monday” Birmingham Age-Herald 21 Nov 1913: 5

“Federal Officials Inspecting Mines” Birmingham News 21 Nov 1913: 1.

Rock Castle Mine (Davis Creek) (January 10, 1914)

“12 Men Entombed in Mine Explosion” Birmingham News 10 Jan 1914: 1. 

“Explosion in Rock Castle Mine Kills 12 Men: Caused by Gas”
     Birmingham Age-Herald 11 Jan 1914: 1.